Apparatus for dry distillation



July 8, 1930. M. KULZINSKI 1,770,107

APPARATUS F OR DRY DISTILLATION Filed Nov. 27, 1928 3 Sheets-Shoot lJuly 8, 1930. M. 'KULZINSKI r ,7 0

APPARATUS F63 DRY DISTILLATION Filed Nov. 27, 1928 3 Shoots-Shut 2- y 8,1530- M. KULZINSKI I 1,770,107

APPARATUS FOR DRY DISTILLA'IION Filed Nov. 21, 1928 ssnma-smt s If i nPatented July 8, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE AKTSIASELTS, OFTALLINN, ESTHONIA APPARATUS FOR DRY DISTILLATI ON Application filedNovember 27, 1928,

I, MSTISLAV KULzINsKI, of 21, Toompuiestee, Reval, Esthonia, Engineer,do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:

In distillation furnaces, driers, kilns and similar ovens, where thetreatment of the material is effected by way of injections andcirculations of gas and vapour, there arise generally great diflicultiesin the conduction of gas and vapours through the material placed onwagons. This is usually achieved in such manner, that along the sidewalls of the oven there are arranged sand packings running between theoven and the longitudinal sides of the wagon. These sand packings,however, are very often unsatisfactory and great care has to be taken inorder to keep them in good condition. It isalso diflicult to achievethereby sufiicient packin between the front sides of the wagon. s aresult of all these defects .the working of all such ovens is bad andtheir efficiency low.

My invention relates to wagons and rails and has for its object toprovide an improved construction of wagons and rails, so as to removethe above referred to defects and to ensure a reliable and morecomplete(viz with but small losses) admission of the injected or circulated gasand vapours to the material placed on such wagons.

In the accompanying drawing wherein an approved embodiment of theinvention is illustrated Figs. land 2 are longitudinal sections througha rail track and wagon constructed in accordance with the invention,Fig. 1 showing the opening of the wagon in registration with the furnacepipe and Fig. 2 sfhowing the wagon slightly displaced there rom;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary detail of the recessed portion of oneof the track rails showing the recess therein and the wagon wheellocated in said recess;

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view through the furnace, wagon andtrack rails;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary plan view of a modification of the invention.

The wagon (Figs. 1, 2 and 4:) consists of a box (Q) provided with adouble bottom.

Serial No. 322,251, and in Esthonia.

The upper bottom (6) is made of network, perforated sheet metal, firebars or the like and is permeable to gas. Theother bottom however isimpermeable, but isprovided w th an opening (0) for the admission of thegases and vapors, the said opening being preferably provided with aflange (6). The wagon is movable on rails. (r) see Figure 4, through thefurnace (M) while sutlicient space (elk-Fig. 2must remain between theflange (b) and the tube provide in roll simultaneously into the saidgrooves and the wagon adjusts itself exactly abovethe corresponding tube(0) adapted for the admission of gas and vapors. The grooves (a) in therails must have such dimensions that the flange '(b) bears withsufficient tightness against the edge of the tube (a) in the bottom ofthe wagon when the latter descends. The intermediate space (d', Figs. 1and 4) dependent on the dimensions of the groove in the rails a)..may bekept as small as desired'sothatevenza complete mounting of the flange'(b) on the v edge of the tube (a) is rendered possible, therebyensuringa reliable admission .of the injected and circulating gases and vaporstothe material in the wagons without any loss. During the forward movementof the wagon, the wheels thereof move out of the groove (0;), whereuponthe wagon toget her with the flange (Z7) is lifted and there is formedagain suflicient space (d, Fig. 2) between the tube (a) and the flange(7)) for enabling the wagon to move freely to the next tube for theadmission of gases and va- OIS.

A rail track is used in connection with this arrangement wherein therails have the F known grooves (a). During the movement of the wagon,the wheels must pass during each new adjustment over the tubes (0) therail grooves (a) without stopping i. e. they must overcome certainresistances during the movement. In order to obviate this in connectionwith heavier wagons, two rail tracks may be employed as shown in Figure5 of the accompanying drawing. The width of track (7") of one pair ofwheels (to) is greater than the width of track (7") of the other pair ofwheels (10) and the power required for the forward movement of theheavier wagons will be lessbecause the first pair of wheels (w) must notthen unnecessarily roll over grooves lying in its path as in connectionwith two rails before gliding intothe grooves corresponding to themounting of the flange (6) over thenext tube (0). The supply of thescavenging gases for one wagon may also eventually take place throughseveral inlet PIPES, in which case, the lower bottom of the wagon has acorresponding number of holes as described above which are locatedduring the descent of the wagon on the corresponding sockets of theinlet pipes.

. Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of mysaid invention and in what manner the same is to beiperformed, Ideclarethat what I claim is:

1. In combination, afurnace'having gas andvapor pipes, rails in saidfurnace, a wagon including wheels movable on said rails and having adouble bottom, the upper part of the bottom being permeable to gas andthe lower part thereof being solid and having an opening provided with aflange for the admission of in ectedor circulating vapors from thefurnace pipes, said rails having recesses therein at such points thatwhen 7 the supporting wheels of the wagon simultaneously move into therecesses the flanged opening of the wagon registers with and en'- gagesthe furnace pipe, said recessesbeing of such depth as to limit descentof the flanged opening to the approximate level of the furnace pipe andacting to effect elevation .of

the wagon when the latter is moved in either direction from a positionof registration of the flanged opening with the furnace pipe.

2. An arrangement as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the wagonincludes two wheeled axles and that four rails are provided, the wheelsof one axle being arranged to move on the two inner rails and the wheelsof (the other axle on the two outer rails.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature. i M. KULZINSKI.

